医学英文--辅助检查[Diagnostic examination]

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辅助检查[diagnostic examination]
1、x线检查[x-ray examination]
(1)肺[lung]
&#8226；clear[清晰]
&#8226；enlargement of hilar shadows[肺门阴影增大]
&#8226；increase of lung markings[肺纹理增粗]
&#8226；calcified[钙化灶]
&#8226；cavitation[空洞]
&#8226；circular lesion (coin lesion)[球形病灶]
&#8226；a minimal area of density[小块阴影区]
&#8226；scattered spot(plaque-like) shadows[散在的点（片）状阴影]
&#8226；a poorly defined patchy density[边界不清的片状阴影]
&#8226；a round density[圆形致密影]
&#8226；pleural thickening[胸膜增厚]
&#8226；hazziness(blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle[肋隔角模糊（变钝、消失）]
&#8226；elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement[横膈抬高、活动受限]
&#8226；encapsulated pleural effusion[包裹性胸腔积液]
&#8226；hydropneumothorax[液气胸]
&#8226；mediastinal displacement[纵膈移位]
&#8226；hilar haze[肺门模糊]
&#8226；increase of pulmonary hilar density[肺门密度增高]
&#8226；pulmonary venous stasis(infarction)[肺淤血（梗塞）]
&#8226；shadow[阴影性状]
&#8226；hazziness[淡的]
&#8226；clouding[云雾状]
&#8226；diffuse[弥漫的]
&#8226；veiling[面纱样]
&#8226；streaky[线状]
&#8226；patcky[絮状]
&#8226；nodular[结节状]
&#8226；massive[块状]
&#8226；miliary[粟粒状]
&#8226；confluent[融合状]
&#8226；homogeneous[均匀的]
(2)心脏[heart]
&#8226；left(right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement[左（右）房（室）增大]
&#8226；a tortuous and prolonged aorta[主动脉屈曲延长]
&#8226；“aortic type”(“mitral valve”)heart [主动脉型（二尖瓣型）心脏]
&#8226；bulging pulmonary artery segment[肺动脉段突出]
&#8226；a dilatation of the pulmonary artery[肺动脉扩张]
&#8226；general enlargement of the heart shadow[心影普遍增大]
&#8226；left(right) ventricular enlargement[左（右）心室增大]
&#8226；left(right) atrial dilatation[左（右）心房增大]
&#8226；boot-shaped heart[靴型心脏]
&#8226；calcification of aorta[主动脉钙化]
&#8226；waist of heart[心腰部]
&#8226；vertical (slender； asthenic；horizontal；oblique)heart[垂位（狭长型；无力型；横位；斜位）心]
(3)腹部平片[kub film]
&#8226；calculus[结石]
&#8226；calcified shadow[钙化影]
&#8226；fluid levels with stepladder pattern[阶梯型液平]
&#8226；gas-fluid level[液气平面]
&#8226；subphrenic free air[膈下游离气体]
(4)胃肠道钡剂检查[barium enema examination]
&#8226；gastroenterography[胃肠造影]
&#8226；double contrast radiography[双重对比造影]
&#8226；es&#8226；ophageal peristalsis sign[食管蠕动征]
&#8226；duodenal flexure(impression)[十二指肠曲（压迹）]
&#8226；mucosal fold shadow of small intestine[小肠粘膜皱襞影]
&#8226；peristalsis and empting signs of colon[结肠蠕动与排空征]
&#8226；delayed gastric emptying time[胃排空时间延长]
&#8226；fasting retention of stomach[胃空腹潴留液]
&#8226；filling defect[充盈缺损]
&#8226；disappearance of the mucosal folds[粘膜皱襞消失]
&#8226；hypotonicity (hypertonicity)[张力减低（增高）]
&#8226；irritable cap[球部激惹现象]医学.全.在线.网.站.提供
&#8226；vigorous peristaltic activity( hyperperistalsis)[蠕动增强]
&#8226；bradydiastalsis[蠕动减弱]
&#8226；hypernakinesia[蠕动消失]
&#8226；accelerated(reduced) evacuation[排空加快（减缓）]
&#8226；skipping phenomenon[跳跃现象]
&#8226；broadened and tortuous mucosal fold[粘膜增宽和迂曲]
&#8226；flat mucosal fold[粘膜皱襞平坦]
(5)胆道[bile tract]
&#8226；oral cholecystography[口服胆囊造影]
&#8226；intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography[静脉胆管胆囊造影]
&#8226；trans-t-tube cholecystography[经t形管胆囊造影]
&#8226；percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography(ptc)[经皮肝穿刺胆管造影]
&#8226；dilated common duct[胆总管扩张]
&#8226；gallblader concentrated satisfactorily[胆囊浓缩功能良好]
&#8226；gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately[胆囊显影不好，浓缩功能差]
&#8226；contractibility[收缩功能]

(6)骨骼[skeleton]
&#8226；cortical thickening of bone[骨皮质增厚]
&#8226；“onion skin”appearance[洋葱皮样改变]
&#8226；periosteal reaction[骨膜反应]
&#8226；osteoporosis( rarefaction)[骨质疏松]
&#8226；ossification [骨化]
&#8226；deformity[畸形]
&#8226；shortening[缩短]
&#8226；displacement[移位]
&#8226；luxation[脱位]
&#8226；subluxation[半脱位]
&#8226；malunion[连接不正]
&#8226；greenstick fracture[青枝骨折]
&#8226；multiple fracture[多发性骨折]
&#8226；pathological fracture[病理性骨折]
&#8226；joint space[关节间隙]
&#8226；intervertebral space[椎间隙]
&#8226；calcification shadow of costal cartilage[肋软骨钙化影]
&#8226；osteomalacia(osteomalacosis)[骨质软化]
&#8226；hyperostosis osteosclerosis[骨质增生硬化]
&#8226；sequestrum[死骨]
&#8226；bone necrosis[骨质坏死]
&#8226；swelling (destruction； degeneration) of joint[关节肿胀（破坏；退行性变）]
&#8226；ankytosis[关节强直]
&#8226；epiphyseal seperation[骨骺分离]
&#8226；good alignment[对线良好]
&#8226；good apposition[对位良好]
(7)泌尿系统[urological system]
&#8226；intravenous pyelography(ivp)[静脉肾盂造影]
&#8226；retograde pyelography[逆行肾盂造影]
&#8226；atrophy[萎缩]
&#8226；deformity[移位]
&#8226；distortion[扭曲]
&#8226；filling defect[充盈缺损]
&#8226；stricture[狭窄]
&#8226；opaque(translucent) stone[不透光的（透光的）结石]

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